See full list on totalphase.com. The main advantages of parallel transmission over serial transmission are: it is easier to program; and data is sent faster. Although parallel transmission can transfer data faster, it requires more transmission channels than serial transmission.
The QuestionSuperUser reader Modest is curious about the data transfer rates of parallel and serial connections:Intuitively, you would think that parallel data transmission should be faster than serial data transmission; in parallel you are transferring many bits at the same time, whereas in serial you are doing one bit at a time.So what makes SATA interfaces faster than PATA, PCI-e devices faster than PCI, and serial ports faster than parallel?While it’s easy to fall into the reasoning that SATA is newer than PATA, there must be a more concrete mechanism at work than just age. The AnswerSuperUser contributor Mpy offers some insight into the nature of the transmission types:You cannot formulate it this way.Serial transmission is slower than parallel transmission given the same signal frequency. With a parallel transmission you can transfer one word per cycle (e.g. 1 byte = 8 bits) but with a serial transmission only a fraction of it (e.g.
Serial Vs Parallel Port
1 bit).The reason modern devices use serial transmission is the following:. You cannot increase the signal frequency for a parallel transmission without limit, because, by design, all signals from the transmitter need to arrive at the receiver at the same time. This cannot be guaranteed for high frequencies, as you cannot guarantee that the signal transit time is equal for all signal lines (think of different paths on the mainboard). The higher the frequency, the more tiny differences matter. Hence the receiver has to wait until all signal lines are settled — obviously, waiting lowers the transfer rate.
Another good point (from ) is that one needs to consider crosstalk with parallel signal lines. The higher the frequency, the more pronounced crosstalk gets and with it the higher the probability of a corrupted word and the need to retransmit it. 1So, even if you transfer less data per cycle with a serial transmission, you can go to much higher frequencies which results in a higher net transfer rate.1 This also explains why (Parallel ATA with increased transfer speed) had twice as many wires as pins.
Parallel Vs Serial Cable
Every second wire was grounded to reduce crosstalk.Scott Chamberlain echoes Myp’s answer and expands upon the economics of design:The problem is synchronization.When you send in parallel you must measure all of the lines at the exact same moment, as you go faster the size of the window for that moment gets smaller and smaller, eventually it can get so small that some of the wires may still be stabilizing while others are finished before you ran out of time.By sending in serial you no longer need to worry about all of the lines stabilizing, just one line. And it is more cost efficient to make one line stabilize 10 times faster than to add 10 lines at the same speed.Some things like PCI Express do the best of both worlds, they do a parallel set of serial connections (the 16x port on your motherboard has 16 serial connections). By doing that each line does not need to be in perfect sync with the other lines, just as long as the controller at the other end can reorder the “packets” of data as they come in using the correct order.The does a very good explination in depth on how PCI Express in serial can be faster than PCI or PCI-X in parallel.TL;DR Version: It is easier to make a single connection go 16 times faster than 8 connections go 2 times faster once you get to very high frequencies.Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users?.
The crucial difference between serial and parallel communication is that in serial communication a single communication link is used to transfer the data from an end to another. As against in parallel communication, multiple parallel links are used that transmits each bit of data simultaneously.
Due to only a single communication link serial communication is comparatively more cost effective than parallel communication. In this article we will discuss some other factors that differentiates the two.
Content: Serial Vs Parallel Communication
Comparison Chart
| Basis for Comparison | Serial Communication | Parallel Communication |
|---|---|---|
| Data transmission speed | Slow | Comparatively fast |
| Number of communication link used | Single | Multiple |
| Number of transmitted bit/clock cycle | only one bit. | n number of link will carry n bits. |
| Cost | Low | High |
| Crosstalk | Not present | Present |
| System Up-gradation | Easy | Quite difficult |
| Mode of transmission | Full duplex | Half duplex |
| Suitable for | Long distance | Short distance |
| High frequency operation | More efficient | Less efficient |
Definition of Serial Communication
In serial communication the data bits are transmitted serially over a common communication link one after the other. Basically it does not allow simultaneous transmission of data because only a single channel is utilized. Thereby allowing sequential transfer rather than simultaneous transfer.
The figure below shows the serial data transmission:
It is highly suitable for long distance signal transmission as only a single wire or bus is used. So, it can be connected between two points that are separated at a large distance with respect to each other. But as only a single data bit is transmitted per clock pulse thus the transmission of data is a quiet time taking process.
Definition of Parallel Communication
In parallel communication the various data bits are simultaneously transmitted using multiple communication links between sender and receiver. Here, despite using a single channel between sender and receiver, various links are used and each bit of data is transmitted separately over all the communication link.
The figure below shows the transmission of 8 byte data using parallel communication technique:
Here, as we can see that for the transmission of 8-bit of data, 8 separate communication links are utilized. And so rather following a sequential data transmission, simultaneous transmission of data is allowed. This leads to a faster communication between the sender and receiver.
But for connecting multiple lines between sender and receiver multiple connecting unit are to be present between a pair of sender and receiver. And this is the reason why parallel communication is not suitable for long distance transmission, because connecting multiple lines to large distances is very difficult and expensive.
Key Differences Between Serial and Parallel Communication
- Due to the presence of single communication link the speed of data transmission is slow. While multiple links in case of parallel communication allows data transmission at comparatively faster rate.
- Whenever there exists a need for system up-gradation then upgrading a system that uses serial communication is quite an easy task as compared to upgrading a parallel communication system.
- In serial communication, the all data bits are transmitted over a common channel thus proper spacing is required to be maintained in order to avoid interference. While in parallel communication, the utilization of multiple link reduces the chances of interference between the transmitted bits.
- Serial communication supports higher bandwidth while parallel communication supports comparatively lower bandwidth.
- Serial communication is efficient for high frequency operation. However, parallel communication shows its suitability more in case of low frequency operations.
- Due to existence of single link, the problem of crosstalk is not present in serial communication. But multiple links increase the chances of crosstalk in parallel communication.
- Serial communication is suitable for long distance transmission of data as against parallel communication is suitable for short distance transmission of data.
Conclusion
Tajima Serial Connection Vs Parallel Connection
So it is clear that utilizing multiple lines for data transmission in case of parallel communication is advantageous as it offers faster data transmission. But as the same time it is disadvantageous when considered in case of cost and transmission distance.